An observation is considered an outlier if it is more than \((1.5\times \mathrm{IQR})\) below \(\mathrm{Q}_1\) or above \(\mathrm{Q}_3\), where
upper outlier boundary \(= \mathrm{Q}_3 + 1.5 \times \mathrm{IQR}\)
lower outlier boundary \(= \mathrm{Q}_1 - 1.5\times \mathrm{IQR}\)
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