Quadratic Functions, Equations and Inequalities - Completing the Square and Vertex Form

Quadratic Functions, Equations and Inequalities - Completing the Square and Vertex Form

Secondary 3

Express \(x^2 - 2x - 1\) in the form \((x - a)^2 - b\), where \(a\) and \(b\) are integers. Hence,

  1. Find the minimum value of \(x^2 - 2x - 1\) and the value of \(x\) at which the minimum value occurs.
  2. Sketch the graph of \(y = x^2 - 2x - 1\), stating clearly the turning point, \(x\)-intercepts and the \(y\)-intercept.

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Answer:\(x^2-2x-1=(x-1)^2-2\), so \(a=1\), \(b=2\) (a) Minimum \(-2\) at \(x=1\) (b) Turning point \((1,-2)\); \(x\)-intercepts \((1-\sqrt2,0)\), \((1+\sqrt2,0)\); \(y\)-intercept \((0,-1)\)

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