A stem-and-leaf diagram preserves every original value while arranging the data in order. Give a key so a stem and leaf have an unambiguous value and unit. Example The times in minutes are 12,14,14,18,21,23,23,23. The mode is 23 minutes because it occurs three times. The median is 18+212=19.5 minutes. Repeated leaves must remain: deleting them changes the frequencies. Repeated leaves represent repeated observations. Keep leaves ordered and retain repeats. A back-to-back diagram places two groups on opposite sides of common stems; read each side using its key.

A stem-and-leaf diagram preserves every original value while arranging the data in order. Give a key so a stem and leaf have an unambiguous value and unit.

The times in minutes are \(12,14,14,18,21,23,23,23\).

The mode is \(23\) minutes because it occurs three times. The median is \(\dfrac{18+21}{2}=19.5\) minutes. Repeated leaves must remain: deleting them changes the frequencies.

Repeated leaves represent repeated observations. Keep leaves ordered and retain repeats. A back-to-back diagram places two groups on opposite sides of common stems; read each side using its key.

Statistics

Cambridge IGCSE Mathematics 0580. Initial catalogue covers the assessed demands of February/March 2026 Paper 22; further Core and Extended mappings require paper-level scope review.

Stem-and-leaf diagrams

Stem-and-leaf diagrams