Gradient of a Curve

Gradient of a Curve

Secondary 3

The following table gives the corresponding values of \(x\) and \(y\) which are connected by the equation \(y={{x}^{3}}-3x-1\).

\({x}\)

\({-1.75}\)

\({-1.5}\)

\({-1}\)

\({-0.5}\)

\({0}\)

\({0.5}\)

\({1}\)

\({1.5}\)

\({2}\)

\({2.25}\)

\({y}\)

\({-1.1}\)

\({0.1}\)

\({1}\)

\({0.4}\)

\({-1}\)

\({-2.4}\)

\({-3}\)

\({a}\)

\({1}\)

\({3.6}\)

  1. Find the value of \(a\), giving your answer correct to 1 decimal place.
  2. Using a scale of \(4\) cm to represent \(1\) unit on the \(x\)-axis and \(2\) cm to represent \(1\) unit on the \(y\)-axis, draw the graph of \(y=x^{3}-3x-1\) in the range \(-1.75\le x\le 2.25\).
  3. Use your graph to solve the equation
    1. \(x^{3}-3x=1\)
    2. \(x^{3}-5x=2\)
  4. By drawing a suitable straight line, estimate the gradient of the curve when
    1. \(\left(-0.5,0.1\right)\),
    2. \(x=1.5\).

Source correction for (d)(i): at \(x=-0.5\), the curve has \(y=0.375\), approximately \(0.4\), not \(0.1\). Draw the tangent at the point on the curve with \(x=-0.5\).

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Answer:(a) \(-2.1\). (c)(i) \(-1.53,-0.35,1.88\); (ii) \(-0.41\) on the plotted interval. (d)(i) About \(-2.25\); (ii) about \(3.75\).

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