\(a^3+b^3=(a+b)(a^2-ab+b^2)\)
\(a^3-b^3=(a-b)(a^2+ab+b^2)\)
Solving a cubic
Write \(\mathrm{f}(x)=0\). Use a given root, or test candidates with the factor theorem. If the constant term is zero, factor out \(x\).
For integer coefficients, a rational root \(\frac{p}{q}\) in lowest terms has \(p\) dividing the constant and \(q\) dividing the leading coefficient. A cubic need not have a rational root.
If \(\mathrm{f}(k)=0\), divide by \(x-k\), then solve the quadratic factor.
| Quadratic factor | Working | Roots of the cubic |
|---|---|---|
| Factorises | ||
| Does not factorise using integers, \(b^2-4ac>0\) | ||
| \(b^2-4ac<0\) |
Over the reals, leave a quadratic factor with \(D<0\) unfactorised.
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