Sliding ladder whose top speeds up

Sliding ladder whose top speeds up

IP 4
9 marks

A ladder of length \(5\) m leans against a vertical wall, with its foot on horizontal ground. The foot is pulled away from the wall at a constant rate of \(0.5\) m/s. At time \(t\) seconds, the foot is \(x\) m from the wall and the top is \(y\) m above the ground.

  1. Show that \(\dfrac{\mathrm dy}{\mathrm dt}=-\dfrac{x}{2\sqrt{25-x^2}}\).[3]
  2. Find the speed of the top of the ladder when \(x=3\) and when \(x=4\).[2]
  3. Find the exact value of \(x\) at which the top of the ladder moves at the same speed as the foot.[2]
  4. Describe what the formula in (a) predicts as the top of the ladder approaches the ground, and explain why the model cannot hold up to that moment.[2]

Solution:

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Answer:(a) shown (b) \(0.375\) m/s and \(\dfrac23\) m/s (c) \(x=\dfrac{5\sqrt2}{2}\) (d) the predicted speed becomes unbounded as \(x\to5\); the top leaves the wall before then, so the model fails

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