2019 DHS P2 Q11

2019 DHS P2 Q11

7 marks
Prelims
  1. At a funfair, Alice pays \(\$3\) to play a game by tossing a fair dice until she gets a ‘\(6\)’. Let \(X\) be the number of times that the player tosses a fair dice until he gets a ‘\(6\)’. The prize, \(S\) (in dollars), that the player may win is given by the following function:
    \(S=\left\{ \begin{matrix}8, \\4, \\0, \end{matrix} \right.\mathrm{ }\begin{matrix}\mathrm{if }X=1, \\\mathrm{ if }2\le X\le k, \\\mathrm{ otherwise}\mathrm{.} \end{matrix}\)
    where \(k\) is a positive integer.
    1. Show that \(\mathrm{P}\left( 2\le X\le k \right)=\left( \frac{5}{6} \right)-{{\left( \frac{5}{6} \right)}^{k}}\). Hence draw up a table showing the probability distribution of \(S\).[4]
    2. Find the least value of \(k\) such that Alice is expected to earn a profit.[3]

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Answer:(i) shown; (ii) \(k = 5\)

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